Daniel Batten shared this research paper on heating water with a S19 Pro Hydro on X back in May. Adding it here for easy reference.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214157X25014546
My favorite learning from this paper:
Only about ~90% of the electricity input to the miner was “useful heat”. Glad someone has investigated this.
Yes, effectively 100% of the electricity is turned into heat. But some of that heat doesn’t end up where you want it (out the water cooling tubes). There are losses from the power supply, control board, and heat radiation from the chassis of the miner itself.
If you’ve ever seen the “AFUE” sticker on your furnace - that measures this principle. What % of the energy you put in is converted to useful heat? Modern furnaces and boilers are >95% AFUE.
There’s some more juice to squeeze here. Just need to design the miners from the ground up for heat delivery - not keeping cool in a data center.